Table 3 Longitudinal comparisons of outcomes in Hydrotherapy group and Convention group

Outcomes

Pre-op

Post-op 6 months

Post-op 1 year

P-value

Knee Society Function Score

 Hydrotherapy group

60.00 ± 13.33

78.95 ± 14.59

83.42 ± 12.92

 < 0.001*

 Convention group

55.61 ± 10.98

70.82 ± 14.12

74.59 ± 15.34

 < 0.001*

Outcomes

Post-op 1st session

Post-op 4 weeks

Post-op last session

P-value

Numeric Pain Rating Scale

 Hydrotherapy group

3.95 ± 1.31

0.95 ± 1.27

0.00 ± 0.00

 < 0.001*

 Convention group

4.10 ± 1.71

1.20 ± 1.32

0.08 ± 0.45

 < 0.001*

Passive range of motion of knee flexion (degrees)

 Flexion

  Hydrotherapy group

99.21 ± 6.51

112.21 ± 6.55

118.16 ± 5.33

 < 0.001*

  Convention group

95.10 ± 12.31

108.16 ± 8.76

113.06 ± 7.76

 < 0.001*

 Extension

  Hydrotherapy group

2.11 ± 3.04

0.26 ± 1.15

0.26 ± 1.15

0.007*

  Convention group

4.29 ± 5.40

2.14 ± 3.06

1.43 ± 2.70

0.001*

 Self-reported walking tolerance (minutes)

  Hydrotherapy group

5.26 ± 1.15

-

71.84 ± 29.40

 < 0.001*

  Convention group

5.61 ± 2.63

-

54.90 ± 21.37

 < 0.001*

 Timed Up and Go Test (seconds)

  Hydrotherapy group

40.58 ± 10.43

-

10.11 ± 2.33

 < 0.001*

  Convention group

50.49 ± 20.98

-

11.43 ± 4.19

 < 0.001*

 30-s Chair Stand Test (repetitions)

  Hydrotherapy group

1.74 ± 2.51

-

12.21 ± 3.41

 < 0.001*

  Convention group

1.90 ± 2.82

-

11.47 ± 3.84

 < 0.001*